Academic publications

 The fire service command structure encompasses recruit, incumbent  firefighter, and officer positions. The purpose of this study was to  quantify the effect of rank (recruits, incumbent firefighters, and  officers) on health and physical ability characteristics within the fire  service. Retrospective data from thirty-seven recruits; eighty-two incumbent firefighters; and forty-one officers from a single department were used. Participants completed body  composition tests, an air consumption test, and cardiopulmonary exercise  testing. 

 An air consumption test (ACT) is a physical ability test used in the  fire service. The purpose of this study was to compare demographics and  physiological differences between slow versus fast performers on an ACT.  160 career firefighters had air consumption, total task time, body mass  index, peak heart rate , body fat percentage, and oxygen consumption (VO2peak) measured. K-means clustering was used to dichotomize between slow and fast groups during an ACT. Independent samples t-tests and Cohen's d measures of effect size were used to examine differences between groups. 

  Recent research has demonstrated that consistent external attentional  focus instructions produce more reliable jumping measurements compared  to non-consistent focus of attention instructions. While previous  research has examined the effects of different external attentional  focus instructions, less is known about different external focus of  attention instruction effects during a vertical jump. Given that  previous work has demonstrated that consistent external focus of  attention instructions produced reliable jumping estimations, we  hypothesized that using multiple methods to direct attention externally  would produce consistent vertical jump results.